A fish which is at a depth of 12 cm in water (n = $\frac{4}{3}$) is viewed by an observer on the bank of a lake. The apparent depth as observed by the observer is ______.

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A fish which is at a depth of 12 cm in water (n = $\frac{4}{3}$) is viewed by an observer on the bank of a lake. The apparent depth as observed by the observer is 9 cm. Explanation: Real depth = 12 cm, refractive index (n) = $\frac{4}{3}$ The relation between real depth (d) and apparent depth (d') is given by: Apparent depth = "Real depth"/n = 12/($\frac{4}{3}$) = 12 xx $\frac{3}{4}$ = 9 cm Hence, the observer sees the fish at an apparent depth of 9 cm.

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