The primary origin(s) of magnetism lies in ______. a. atomic currents. b. pauli exclusion principle. c. polar nature of molecules. d. intrinsic spin of electron.

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a and d Explanation: The primary origin of magnetism lies in the fact that the electrons are revolving and spinning about the nucleus of an atom, and we know that an moving charge carries current along with it. We meant this current here as atomic current and which is responsible to produce an orbital magnetic moment. This atomic current gives rise to magnetism. The revolving and spinning about nucleus of an atom is called intrinsic spin of electron, which gives rise to spin magnetic moment. So, total magnetic moment is the sum of orbital magnetic moment and spin magnetic moment.

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