When a current in a circular loop is equivalently replaced by a magnetic dipole,

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the product md is fixed When we replace a circular current-carrying loop with a magnetic dipole to resemble field lines of the circular loop, the pole strength m and the distance between the poles are not fixed. But the magnetic dipole moment of both systems is always fixed. It is the product of the magnetic moment and the distance between the poles. In other words, md is fixed. A current loop of area A and current I can be replaced with a magnetic dipole of dipole moment md. i.e. md = IA

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