CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027: Subject-Wise Paper Pattern, Marks Distribution and Question Types

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 follows the assessment and question-paper design prescribed for the 2026-27 academic session. As per the CBSE Class 10 Sample Question Papers 2026-27, there is no change in the question paper design and assessment pattern for the session. For the major academic subjects, the board examination carries 80 marks, while 20 marks are allocated to internal assessment, making the maximum subject-wise score 100 marks. CBSE Class 10 board paper pattern 2027 includes a mix of objective, assertion-reasoning, very short-answer, short-answer, long-answer, case-based, and other competency-oriented questions, depending on the subject.

• CBSE Class 10 Theory examination carries 80 marks for major academic subjects. Generally, 3 hours are allotted for major subjects.
• Internal assessment carries 20 marks, which includes Periodic Test, Multiple Assessments, Portfolio, and Subject Enrichment Activity.
• The Mathematics theory paper carries 80 marks. Algebra has the highest weightage of 20 marks.
• Science has 80 theory marks, where 25 marks are allotted to Chemical Substances and World of Living each.
• Social Science carries 20 marks each distributed among History, Geography, Political Science, and Economics.
• CBSE Class 10 English and Hindi have 80-mark theory papers, including Reading, Writing, Grammar and Literature components.
• Questions include MCQs, very short answers, short answers, long answers, and case or source-based questions. Competency-based, application-based, and case-based questions form an important part of the paper.
• Hindi Course-A has अपठित बोध, व्यावहारिक व्याकरण, पाठ्यपुस्तक/पूरक पाठ्यपुस्तक and रचनात्मक लेखन sections.

CBSE has released the subject-wise Class 10 Sample Question Papers for Science, English Language & Literature, Hindi A/B, Mathematics Basic/Standard, and Social Science, and Marking Schemes for 2026-27.

CBSE New Rules for Class 10 2027

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 indicates that CBSE will conduct two Board Examinations for Class 10 in the same academic year. The first board examination is the main examination and is compulsory for eligible students, while the second examination provides an opportunity for eligible students to improve marks or clear a compartment subject according to CBSE rules. The first/main examination is compulsory, while eligible students can appear in the second examination for improvement or other permitted categories. Both CBSE Class 10 exams 2027 are conducted on the full syllabus prescribed for the academic year, and the scheme of studies and scheme of examinations remain the same.

Check CBSE Class 10 Sample Papers 2027

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 for Theory and Internal Assessment

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 provides a 100-mark assessment structure for the major academic subjects, with 80 marks for the theory paper and 20 marks for internal assessment. The 80-mark theory paper is conducted by CBSE, while the internal assessment is completed at the school level according to subject-specific assessment components.

CBSE Class 10 Question Types 2027

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 uses different combinations of question types across subjects rather than applying one identical paper structure to every subject. Students can therefore expect objective questions, assertion-reasoning questions, competency-based questions, case/source-based questions, short-answer questions, and long-answer questions depending on the subject. For example, the official Mathematics SQP contains 18 MCQs and two assertion-reasoning questions in Section A, followed by 2-mark, 3-mark, 5-mark, and case-study questions. The Social Science SQP specifically identifies MCQs, VSA, SA, LA, and case-based questions, while also including map-based questions.

Check CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2027

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Science

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Science consists of an 80-mark theory paper of 3 hours, divided into three sections: Biology, Chemistry and Physics. The official 2026-27 Science SQP contains 39 questions. 50% weightage is allotted to knowledge and understanding, 30% to application of knowledge and concepts, and 20% to analysis, evaluation and creation. The Science paper combines objective questions, assertion-reasoning, short-answer questions, application-based questions, case/source-based questions and longer analytical questions. The SQP is divided into Biology, Chemistry and Physics rather than into conventional chapter-wise sections. Section A – Biology carries 30 marks, Section B – Chemistry carries 25 marks, and Section C – Physics carries 25 marks.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Science unit-wise marks divide the 80-mark theory paper into five broad units. Chemical Substances and the World of Living carry the highest weightage, with 25 marks each. The Science SQP includes 1-mark objective and assertion-reasoning questions, followed by 2-mark, 3-mark, 4-mark, and 5-mark questions. Several questions provide internal choices.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Maths

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Maths includes separate Mathematics Basic and Mathematics Standard papers. The theory paper carries 80 marks and is conducted over 3 hours. CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Maths unit-wise weightage assigns the highest marks to Algebra, followed by Geometry, Statistics and Probability, Trigonometry, and Mensuration.

The official 2026-27 SQPs show the same five-section structure and marks distribution for Mathematics Basic and Standard.

CBSE Class 10 Maths Basic and Standard Pattern 2027

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 for Maths Basic and Standard differs mainly in the distribution of questions by competency level. Mathematics Standard gives more weight to applying, analysing, evaluating and creating, while Mathematics Basic gives greater weight to remembering and understanding.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 for Maths Internal Assessment

CBSE Class 10 Maths internal assessment carries 20 marks. The official Mathematics curriculum divides these marks between pen-paper and multiple assessment, portfolio, and laboratory practical work.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Social Science

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Social Science carries 80 marks for theory and 20 marks for internal assessment. The 80-mark theory paper is divided equally among History, Political Science, Geography, and Economics, with each section contributing 20 marks, including map work, where applicable. The official SQP contains 38 questions and includes MCQs, very short-answer questions, short-answer questions, long-answer questions, and case-based questions. The paper also contains 5 marks of map-based questions, with 2 marks from History and 3 marks from Geography.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Social Science internal assessment carries 20 marks and includes periodic assessment, multiple assessment, subject-enrichment project work and portfolio.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 History

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 History carries 20 marks in the Social Science paper. The History section therefore tests factual recall as well as chronology, interpretation, source analysis and map skills. The board syllabus includes The Rise of Nationalism in Europe, Nationalism in India, selected portions of The Making of a Global World and Print Culture and the Modern World. The official SQP includes four one-mark questions, a 2-mark question, a 3-mark question, a 5-mark question, a 4-mark source-based question and a 2-mark map question.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Geography

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Geography carries 20 marks and combines objective questions, a 2-mark answer, a 5-mark long-answer question, a 4-mark case-based question, and a 3-mark map-based question. The written exam tests understanding of resources, agriculture, water, minerals, manufacturing and the national economy.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Political Science

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Political Science carries 20 marks, including objective questions, 2-mark answers, a 3-mark analytical question, a 5-mark long-answer question, and a 4-mark case-based question. The syllabus covers Power Sharing, Federalism, Gender, Religion and Caste, Political Parties, and Outcomes of Democracy.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Economics

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Economics carries 20 marks and begins with six one-mark objective questions. It then moves to three 3-mark questions and one 5-mark case/data-based question. The prescribed areas include Development, Sectors of the Indian Economy, Money and Credit, and specified portions of Globalization and the Indian Economy. The final 5-mark question is based on development indicators and requires students to interpret data and draw conclusions.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 English Language and Literature

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 English Language and Literature carries 80 marks in the theory paper and is divided into three sections: Reading Skills, Grammar and Creative Writing Skills, and Literature Textbook. The written examination generally tests reading comprehension, grammar and creative writing, along with literature from the prescribed textbooks. The official 2026-27 SQP contains 11 questions, with all questions compulsory.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 indicates that the literature section particularly includes extract-based questions, 40–50-word short-answer questions, 100–120-word long-answer questions, and questions requiring comparison, analysis, evaluation and interpretation of literary texts. CBSE Class 10 question types include unseen passages, analytical or inferential questions, grammar questions, formal writing tasks, extract-based literature questions, and short or long answers from the prescribed books.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Hindi

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Hindi carries 80 marks in the theory examination and is divided into four sections in Hindi Course-A: अपठित बोध, व्यावहारिक व्याकरण, पाठ्यपुस्तक एवं पूरक पाठ्यपुस्तक, and रचनात्मक लेखन. The CBSE Academic portal has published separate Hindi A and Hindi B Sample Question Papers and Marking Schemes for the 2026–27 examination. The official 2026-27 Hindi Course-A SQP contains 15 questions, with all questions compulsory.

CBSE Class 10 Hindi Exam Pattern 2027 includes unseen passage comprehension, grammar-based questions, literature-based questions, and writing tasks. The Hindi Course-A SQP has two questions under अपठित बोध, four questions under व्यावहारिक व्याकरण, five questions under the textbook and supplementary textbook section, and four questions under creative writing. The creative writing section includes formats such as:

• अनुच्छेद लेखन
• पत्र लेखन
• स्ववृत्त/ई-मेल writing
• विज्ञापन or similar short-format writing tasks

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Hindi A and Hindi B should be studied separately because students receive different literature sections and prescribed textbooks. The broad assessment areas remain reading, writing, grammar, and literature.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Hindi for Internal Assessment

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 Hindi internal assessment carries 20 marks.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Pattern 2027 FAQs