ISC Class 12 Exam Syllabus 2026: Subject-wise Topics, Chapter Weightage & Important Books

Subject

Important Topics

Marks

English

• English Language- A composition- Directed writing and Proposal Writing- Short-answer questions to test grammar, structure and usage-Comprehension

80

• Literature in English
• Questions from the prescribed textbook

80

Project Work

20

History

• Towards Independence and Partition: the Last Phase (1935-1947).
• Establishment and development of Indian democracy (1947 – 1966)
• Challenges to Indian democracy (1964 – 1977)
• Changing face of the Indian democracy (1977 – 1986)
• India’s Foreign Policy
• Movements for Women’s Rights
• World War II
• Decolonisation – in Asia (China) and Africa (Ghana & Kenya)
• Cold War 1945-91– origin, course, end and impact
• Protest Movements
• Middle East: Israeli-Palestinian conflict

80

Project work

20

Geography

• Physical Environment
• Population and Human Settlements
• Resources of India and Their Utilisation
• Infrastructural Resources
• Industries
• Regional Economic Development
• Map Work

70

Project work

30

Economics

• Micro Economic Theory
• Theory of Income and Employment
• Money and Banking
• Balance of Payment and Exchange Rate
• Public Finance
• National Income

80

Project Work

20

Commerce

• Business Environment
• Financing
• Management
• Marketing

80

Maths

• Relations and Functions
• Algebra
• Calculus
• Probability
• Vectors
• Three - Dimensional Geometry
• Applications of Integrals
• Application of Calculus
• Linear Regression
• Linear Programming

80

Project Work

20

Physics

• Electrostatics
• Current Electricity
• Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
• Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
• Electromagnetic Waves
• Optics
• Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
• Atoms and Nuclei
• Electronic Devices

70

Practical

15 marks

Project Work

10 marks

Practical File

5 marks

Chemistry

• Solid State
• Solutions
• Electrochemistry
• Chemical Kinetics
• Surface Chemistry
• General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
• p -Block Elements
• d -and f -Block Elements
• Coordination Compounds
• Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
• Organic Chemistry
• Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
• Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids
• Organic Compounds containing nitrogen
• Biomolecules
• Polymers
• Chemistry in Everyday Life

70

Practical

15 marks

Project Work

10 marks

Practical File

5 marks

Biology

• Reproduction
• Genetics and Evolution
• Biology and Human Welfare
• Biotechnology and its Applications
• Ecology and Environment

70

Practical

15 marks

Project work

10 marks

Practical file

5 marks

Subject

Top Weightage Chapter(s) / Topics

Marks/Importance

English Language

Composition; Directed Writing (articles, reviews, proposals)

Important for writing skills and grammar

Literature in English

Drama: The Tempest (Acts 3-5); Poems by Wordsworth, Frost, Duffy, Arnold

Focus on specific texts and poems

Mathematics

Calculus (32 marks); Relations & Functions (10 marks); Probability (13 marks)

Calculus is the heaviest weightage

Physics

Current Electricity & Magnetism (16 marks); Optics (18 marks); Electrostatics (14 marks)

Optics and Magnetism major units

Chemistry

Solutions (25 marks); Haloalkanes and Haloarenes (31 marks); Electrochemistry & Kinetics (combined ~39 marks)

Haloalkanes & Solutions key topics

Biology

Reproduction (16 marks); Genetics & Evolution (15 marks); Ecology (15 marks)

These three have highest marks

Geography

Physical Environment (climate, vegetation); Population and Human Settlements; Resources of India

Focus on the environment and population

Political Science

Constitution and Government; Indian Democracy (Fundamental Rights & Directive Principles)

Core political framework

Accounts

Partnership Accounts (including Goodwill & Reconstitution); Joint Stock Company Accounts; Financial Statement Analysis

Partnership & Company accounts are crucial

Subject

Books/Authors

Physics

1. ISC Physics Book II for Class XII - P. Vivekanandan, D.K. Banerjee, Anand V. Karthik

2. Nootan ISC Physics Class XII - Kumar Mittal

3. New Simplified Physics for Class 12th - S. L. Arora

Chemistry

1. Nootan ISC Chemistry for Class 12 - HC Srivastava

2. S Chand ISC Chemistry for Class 12 - RD Madan, BS Bisht

3. Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - KL Chugh

Biology

1. S. Chand A Textbook of ISC Biology Class 12 - Sarita Aggarwal

2. Nootan ISC Biology Class 12 - VK Singh, DK Jain

Mathematics

1. S. Chand’s ISC Mathematics Class XII - O.P. Malhotra, S.K. Gupta, Anubhuti Gangal

2. ISC Mathematics Class 12 - R D Sharma (Vol 1 & 2)

3. Understanding ISC Mathematics Class XII - M.L. Aggarwal

English

1. Total English ISC XII - Xavier Pinto, Pamela Pinto

2. Complete Course in ISC English - Oswal Publishers

3. English 1: ISC Class 12 - Oswal Publishers

4. Drama: Macbeth - William Shakespeare (Oxford Publishers)

5. Echoes & Reverie (Evergreen Publications)

Computer Science

1. S. Chand ISC Computer Science Book II for Class XII - Dheeraj Mehrotra

2. ISC Computer Science with Java Class XII - Sumita Arora

3. Understanding ISC Computer Science Class XII - V.K. Pandey, D.K. Dey

Economics

1. ISC Economics Class 12 - Frank D K Sethi, U Andrew

2. ISC Economics Book II for Class XII - Dr. Abhijit Das, Dr. Kalyan Basu

3. Essentials of Economics for ISC Class 12 - I.C. Dhingra

4. Understanding ISC Economics Class XII - B L Gupta

Commerce

1. S Chand’s ISC Commerce Volume II (Class XII) - Dr. C B Gupta

2. Essentials of Commerce for ISC Class 12 - Sandhita Purbi, Vijay Kapur

3. ISC Commerce Class XII - T.N. Chhabra, Ankur Chhabra

4. Concepts of Commerce for ISC Class 12 - Najmi Salim, Naresh Handa, Swarup Biswas

Business Studies

ISC Business Studies Part 2 for Class XII - C.B. Gupta

Accountancy

1. New ISC Accountancy Class XII (Vol I & II) - D.K. Goel, Rajesh Goel

2. An Aid to Accountancy ISC XII - T.S. Grewal, H.S. Grewal, G.S. Grewal, R.K. Khosla

3. ISC Accountancy for Class XII (Part A & B) - Balbir Singh

History

1. ISC History for Class XII - Sachhidananda Banerjee

2. ISC History Class XII - Sonia Ismail, Piya Ray

3. ISC History Simplified for Class XII - Parag Rekha

Geography

1. ISC Geography for Class 12 - D.R. Khullar

2. Oswaal Question Bank Class 12 Geography - Oswaal

Political Science

1. ISC Political Science Class 12 - K.K. Ghai

2. MBD Class 12 Political Science - V.K. Puri

Sociology

1. Principles of Sociology with an Introduction to Social Thought - Shankar Rao

2. ISC Sociology for Class 12 - Manjir Ghosh

3. Social Anthropology - Madan & Majumdar