CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26: The Central Board of Secondary Education has officially released the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 on March 29, 2025. The syllabus for all subjects of all three streams have been published in PDF format at cbseacademic.nic.in. Students will need to cover the entire revised syllabus for the CBSE 12th Board Exam 2026. The CBSE Board has also introduced some new skill electives for Class 12 which include Land Transportation Associate, Electronics and Hardware, Physical Activity Trainer, and Design Thinking and Innovation. Moreover, Class 12 students must choose one subject from Informatics Practices, Computer Science, or Information Technology. The CBSE Class 12 Exam 2026 is scheduled to be conducted from February 17, 2026 to April 04, 2025.
Along with the syllabus, students must also go through the CBSE 12th Exam Pattern 2026 to know about the question types, marking scheme, etc. For better preparation, it is advisable to practice & solve as many CBSE 12th Sample Papers and Previous Year Question Papers as possible. Continue reading further to know the detailed CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026 along with important topics and chapter-wise weightage.
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 Physics
CBSE has released the Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 of Physics on the official website. The CBSE Physics Syllabus of Class 12 is divided into two categories i.e., theory (70 marks) and practical (30 marks). The Class 12 Physics Practical is further divided into four components namely, Experiments, Practical Record, Investigatory Project, and VIVA & Activities. Students can refer to the following table for CBSE 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-26.
Unit Numbers | Name of the Units | Chapters | Topics |
Unit-1 | Electrostatics | Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields | Electric Charges, Conservation of Charge, Coulomb’s Law, Forces between Multiple Charges, Superposition Principle and Continuous Charge Distribution, Electric Field, Electric Field due to a Point Charge, Electric Field Lines, Electric Dipole, Electric Field due to a Dipole, Torque on a Dipole in Uniform Electric Field, Electric Flux, Statement of Gauss’s Theorem, Applications of Gauss’s Theorem, Uniformly Charged infinite Plane Sheet, Uniformly Charged thin Spherical Shell |
Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | Electric Potential, Potential Difference, Electric Potential due to a Point Charge, a Dipole, and a System of Charges, Equipotential Surfaces, Electrical Potential Energy of a System of Two-Point Charges and Electric Dipole in Electrostatic Field, Conductors and Insulators, Free Charges and Bound Charges inside a Conductor, Dielectrics and Electric Polarisation, Capacitors and Capacitance, Combination of Capacitors in Series and Parallel, The Capacitance of a Parallel Plate, Capacitor with and without Dielectric Medium, Energy Stored in a Capacitor (Formula only) | ||
Unit-2 | Current Electricity | Chapter 3: Current Electricity | Electric Current, Flow of Electric Charges in a Metallic Conductor, Drift Velocity, Mobility and their Relation with Electric Current, Ohm’s Law, V-I Characteristics (Linear and Nonlinear), Electrical Energy and Power, Electrical Resistivity and Conductivity, Temperature Dependence of Resistance, Internal Resistance of a Cell, Potential Difference and EMF of a Cell, Combination of Cells in Series and Parallel, Kirchhoff's Rules, Wheatstone Bridge |
Unit-3 | Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism | Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism | Concept of Magnetic Field, Oersted’s Experiment, Biot-Savart Law and its Applications, Ampere’s Law and its Applications, Straight Solenoid, Force on a Moving Charge in Uniform Magnetic and Electric Fields, Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor in Uniform Magnetic Field, Force between Two Parallel Current-Carrying Conductors, Definition of Ampere, Torque Experienced by a Current Loop in Uniform Magnetic Field, Current Loop as a Magnetic Dipole and its Magnetic Dipole Moment, Moving Coil Galvanometer and its Sensitivity, Conversion of Galvanometer to Ammeter and Voltmeter |
Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter | Bar Magnet, Bar Magnet as an Equivalent Solenoid (Qualitative Treatment), Magnetic Field Intensity due to Magnetic Dipole along its axis and perpendicular to the axis, Torque on a Magnetic Dipole in Uniform Magnetic Field, Magnetic Field Lines, Magnetic Properties of Materials (Para, Dia, and Ferro), Magnetic Substances with Examples, Magnetization of Materials, Effect of Temperature on Magnetic Properties | ||
Unit-4 | Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents | Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction | Electromagnetic Induction, Faraday’s Law, Induced EMF and Current, Lenz’s Law, Self and Mutual Induction |
Chapter 7: Alternating Current | Alternating Current, Peak and RMS Value of Alternating Current, Reactance and Impedance, LCR Series Circuit (Phasors Only), Resonance, Power in AC Circuit, Power Factor, Wattless Current, AC Generator, Transformer | ||
Unit-5 | Electromagnetic Waves | Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves | Basic Idea of Displacement Current, Electromagnetic Waves and their Characteristics, Transverse Nature of Electromagnetic Waves, Electromagnetic Spectrum and their Uses |
Unit-6 | Optics | Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | Reflection of Light, Spherical Mirrors, Mirror Formula, Refraction of Light, Total Internal Reflection and Optical Fibres, Refraction at Spherical Surfaces, Lenses, Thin Lens Formula, Lens Maker’s Formula, Magnification, Power of a Lens, Combination of Thin Lenses in Contact, Refraction of Light through Prism, Microscopes and Astronomical Telescopes, Magnifying Powers of These Telescopes |
Chapter 10: Wave Optics | Wave Front and Huygens Principle, Reflection and Refraction of Plane Wave at a Plane Surface using Wave Fronts, Proof of Laws of Reflection and Refraction using Huygens Principle, Interference, Young’s Double Slit Experiment, Expression of Fringe Width, Coherent Sources and Sustained Interference of Light, Diffraction due to a Single Slit, Width of Central Maxima | ||
Unit-7 | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Dual Nature of Radiation, Photoelectric Effect, Hertz and Lenard’s Observations, Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation – Particle Nature of Light, Experimental Study of Photoelectric Effect, Matter Waves- Wave Nature of Particles, De-Broglie Relation |
Unit-8 | Atoms and Nuclei | Chapter 12: Atoms | Alpha-Particle Scattering Experiment, Rutherford’s Model of Atom, Bohr Model of Hydrogen Atom, Expression for Radius of nth Possible Orbit, Velocity and Energy of Electron in nth Orbit, Hydrogen Line Spectra |
Chapter 13: Nuclei | Composition and Size of Nucleus, Nuclear Force, Mass-Energy Relation, Mass Defect, Binding Energy per Nucleon and its Variation with Mass Number, Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion | ||
Unit-9 | Electronic Devices | Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits | Energy Bands in Conductors, Semiconductors, and Insulators, Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors – p and n-type, p-n junction, Semiconductor Diode – I-V Characteristics in Forward and Reverse Bias, Application of Junction of Diode, Diode as a Rectifier |
CBSE Class 12 Physics Practical Syllabus 2026
The Class 12 Physics Practical Syllabus includes experiments, activities, projects, viva & more. The practical will consist of a total of 30 marks. Check out the following table for CBSE 12th Physics Practical Syllabus 2026.
Section A | Activities | Section B | Activities |
Determine the resistivity of 2 or 3 wires by plotting a graph for potential difference versus current.
To find the resistance of a given wire or standard resistor using a metre bridge.
To verify the laws of combination (series) of resistances using a metre bridge. OR To verify the laws of combination (parallel) of resistances using a metre bridge.
To determine the resistance of a galvanometer by the half-deflection method and to find its figure of merit.
To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into a voltmeter of the desired range and to verify the same. OR To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into an ammeter of the desired range and to verify the same.
To find the frequency of AC mains with a sonometer. | To measure the resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without iron core.
To measure resistance, voltage (AC/DC), current (AC) and check continuity of a given circuit using a multimeter.
To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off) switches, a fuse and a power source.
To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit.
To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady current.
To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising at least a battery, resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the components that are not connected in proper order and correct the circuit and also the circuit diagram. | To find the value of v for different values of u in the case of a concave mirror and to find the focal length.
To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.
To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or between 1/u and 1/v.
To find the focal length of a concave lens, using a convex lens.
To determine the angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a graph between the angle of incidence and the angle of deviation.
To determine the refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.
To find the refractive index of a liquid using a convex lens and plane mirror.
To find the refractive index of a liquid using a concave mirror and a plane mirror.
To draw the I-V characteristic curve for a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias. | To identify a diode, an LED, a resistor and a capacitor from a mixed collection of such items.
Use a multimeter to see the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and an LED and check whether a given electronic component (e.g., diode) is in working order.
To study the effect of intensity of light (by varying distance of the source) on an LDR.
To observe refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light incident obliquely on a glass slab.
To observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit.
To study the nature and size of the image formed by a (i) convex lens, or (ii) concave mirror, on a screen by using a candle and a screen (for different distances of the candle from the lens/mirror).
To obtain a lens combination with the specified focal length by using two lenses from the given set of lenses |
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026 Important Topics
The CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus includes many important topics that are often repeated in the board exams. Students should focus more on these topics to improve their scores. These topics are concept-based and involve numerical questions as well. Check out the table below for chapter-wise important topics for CBSE Class 12 Physics 2026.
Chapters | Important Topics |
Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields | Coulomb’s Law, Dipole, Gauss’s Theorem |
Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | Potential Energy of System of Charges, Equipotential Surfaces, Capacitors and Capacitance |
Chapter 3: Current Electricity | Drift Velocity, Resistivity (Temperature relation), Cell Combination, Kirchhoff's Rules, Wheatstone Bridge |
Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism | Biot-Savart Law and Applications, Force between Parallel Current-Carrying Conductors, Galvanometer, Torque on Current Loop |
Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter | Magnetic Properties – Para, Dia, Ferro |
Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction | Faraday’s Law, Induced EMF and Current, Lenz’s Law |
Chapter 7: Alternating Current | LCR Series Circuit (Phasors only), Average Power, Transformer |
Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves | Displacement Current, Properties of EM Waves |
Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | Refraction at Spherical Surfaces, Lens Maker’s Formula, Total Internal Reflection, Optical Fibres |
Chapter 10: Wave Optics | Reflection and Refraction using Wavefronts, Young’s Double Slit Experiment, Interference, Diffraction |
Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | All Graphs, Work Function/Threshold Frequency, Matter Waves |
Chapter 12: Atoms | Alpha Particle Scattering, Bohr Model, Hydrogen Line Spectra, Rutherford’s Model |
Chapter 13: Nuclei | Binding Energy, Nuclear Force, Nuclear Energy, Size of Nucleus |
Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics | Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors, p-n Junction, Diode as Rectifier |
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026 Chapter-Wise Weightage
CBSE has divided the syllabus into units with specific marks. Units like Electrostatics, Magnetism, and Optics carry higher marks and require focused preparation. Check out the table below for CBSE Class 12 Physics 2026 Unit-Wise Weightage.
Unit No. | Unit Name | Chapters Covered | Allotted Marks |
Unit 1 | Electrostatics | Electric Charges and Fields, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | 16 |
Unit 2 | Current Electricity | Current Electricity | |
Unit 3 | Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism | Moving Charges and Magnetism, Magnetism and Matter | 17 |
Unit 4 | Electromagnetic Induction and AC | Electromagnetic Induction, Alternating Current | |
Unit 5 | Electromagnetic Waves | Electromagnetic Waves | 18 |
Unit 6 | Optics | Ray Optics, Wave Optics | |
Unit 7 | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 12 |
Unit 8 | Atoms and Nuclei | Atoms, Nuclei | |
Unit 9 | Electronic Devices | Semiconductor Electronics | 07 |
Total | – | – | 70 Marks |
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026 Deleted Topics
CBSE has reduced around 30% of the Physics syllabus of Class 12. Some topics and derivations have been removed from the physics syllabus for the 2025–26 academic session. Students should not spend time on these deleted topics during their board preparation. Check out the table below for CBSE Class 12 Physics 2026 Deleted Topics.
Chapter | Deleted Topics |
Electric Charges and Fields | Charging by Induction |
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | Van de Graaff Generator |
Current Electricity | Combination of Resistors (Series and Parallel), Meter Bridge, Potentiometer |
Moving Charges and Magnetism | Velocity Selector, Cyclotron, Toroid, Motion in Combined Electric and Magnetic Field |
Magnetism and Matter | Earth’s Magnetism, Permanent Magnets and Electromagnets |
Electromagnetic Induction | Energy Consideration, Eddy Currents |
Alternating Current | LC Oscillations |
Electromagnetic Waves | Nature of Electromagnetic Waves (Ether Theory) |
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | Refraction (Advanced Sunrise, Mirage, Rainbow, Diamond), Scattering of Light |
Wave Optics | Interference (Derivation), Fringe Width, Resolving Power, Validity of Ray Optics, Polarisation |
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Davisson and Germer Experiment |
Nuclei | Radioactivity |
Semiconductor Electronics | Special Purpose p-n Diodes, Junction Transistors, Logic Gates, Integrated Circuits |
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 English
The CBSE 12th English Syllabus 2025-26 has been released online on the official website. The Class 12 English Syllabus is divided into three sections, namely, Section A (Reading Skills - 22 Marks), Section B (Writing Skills - 18 Marks), and Section C (Literature - 40 marks). Check out the following table for CBSE Class 12 English Syllabus 2026.
Section | Details |
Section A: Reading Skills | Unseen passage – factual/descriptive/literary
Case-based passage – factual with visual/verbal inputs (charts, stats, etc.)
Word Limit: 600–750 (Combined)
Question Type: MCQs/Objectives |
Section B: Writing Skills | Grammar (7 Marks)
Creative Writing (16 Marks)
|
Section C: Literature | Books: Hornbill & Snapshots
|
CBSE 12th English Syllabus 2026 Chapter-Wise Weightage
The English Core paper is of 80 marks and tests reading, writing, grammar, and literature. Literature carries the highest weightage with 40 marks and includes both Hornbill and Snapshots. Reading Skills contribute 22 marks and assess understanding through unseen passages. Writing Skills, including grammar and creative tasks, carry 18 marks. Check out the following table for Section-Wise Weightage for CBSE Class 12 English Core 2025-26.
Section | Marks | Expected Weightage |
Section A: Reading Skills | 22 Marks | 22% |
Section B: Creative Writing Skills | 18 Marks | 18% |
Section C: Literature (Hornbill & Snapshots) | 40 Marks | 40% |
Total | 80 Marks | 100% |
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 Chemistry
The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26 has been released on the official website. Students can download the CBSE 12th Chemistry Syllabus PDF 2026 at cbseacademic.nic. The Class 12 Chemistry is divided into two parts, namely, Organic and Inorganic Chemistry. Check out the following table for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2026.
Units | Chapters/Topics |
Unit 1: Solutions | Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in
liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure,
elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular
masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor. |
Unit 2: Electrochemistry | Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to
chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic
solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's
Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion. |
Unit 3: Chemical Kinetics | Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration,
temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant,
integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision
theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation. |
Unit 4: d -and f -Block Elements | General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals,
general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy,
oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds,
alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid
contraction and its consequences. Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids. |
Unit 5: Coordination Compounds | Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties
and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's
theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in
qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system). |
Unit 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary
alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration,
uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.
Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of
phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.
Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, etc. |
Unit 7: Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers | Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary
alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration,
uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.
Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of
phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.
Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses. |
Unit 8: Aldehydes, Ketobes and Carboxylic Acids | Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical
and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in
aldehydes, uses.
Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical
properties; uses. |
Unit 9: Amines | Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical
properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry. |
Unit 10: Biomolecules | Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccahrides (glucose and fructose), D-L
configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose,
glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.
Proteins -Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure.
Vitamins - Classification and functions.
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA. |
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Practical Syllabus 2026
The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry practical exam carries 30 marks. It includes experiments from Physical, Organic, and Inorganic Chemistry. Students perform tests based on salts, functional groups, titrations, and compound preparation. The table below gives the chapter-wise practical activities to be performed in the lab.
Section | Experiments/Activities |
Surface Chemistry | - Prepare one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol (e.g., starch, egg albumin, gum, ferric hydroxide)
- Dialysis of the sol
- Role of emulsifiers in stabilizing emulsions |
Chemical Kinetics | - Effect of concentration and temperature on rate of reaction
- Study of reaction rates:
(i) Iodide + H₂O₂
(ii) KIO₃ + Na₂SO₃ (clock reaction) |
Thermochemistry | Any one of the following:
- Enthalpy of dissolution (CuSO₄ or KNO₃)
- Enthalpy of neutralization (HCl + NaOH)
- Enthalpy change during hydrogen bonding (acetone + chloroform) |
Electrochemistry | Variation in Zn/Zn²⁺ |
Chromatography | - Separation of pigments by paper chromatography
- Separation of inorganic ions (2 cations with different Rf values) |
Inorganic Compound Preparation | - Prepare Potash Alum or Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate
- Prepare Potassium Ferric Oxalate |
Organic Compound Preparation | Any one of the following:
Acetanilide, Di-benzalacetone, p-Nitroacetanilide, Aniline Yellow, or 2-Naphthol Aniline Dye |
Functional Group Tests | Unsaturation, Alcoholic, Phenolic, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic, and Amino (Primary) Groups |
Food Tests | Detection of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins in pure samples and food items |
Titration | Determine molarity of KMnO₄ using standard oxalic acid or ferrous ammonium sulphate |
Salt Analysis | Identify one cation and one anion in a given salt sample |
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2026 Important Topics
Some topics in Chemistry are often repeated in board exams and carry high weightage. These include numericals, reaction mechanisms, laws, and reasoning-based questions. Check out the following table for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry 2025 important topics.
Chapter | Important Topics |
Solutions | Mole Fraction, Molality vs Molarity, Henry’s Law, Raoult’s Law, Colligative Properties |
Electrochemistry | Nernst Equation, Conductivity, Kohlrausch's Law, Faraday’s Laws, Corrosion, Batteries |
Chemical Kinetics | Order, Molecularity, Arrhenius Equation, First Order Numerical |
d- and f-Block Elements | Properties of d-block, Lanthanoid Contraction, Transition Elements, Zn, Cd, Hg |
Coordination Compounds | Theories – Werner, VBT, CFT; Nomenclature, Isomerism |
Haloalkanes & Haloarenes | SN1 and SN2, β-Elimination, Naming Reactions |
Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers | Hydration, Dehydration Mechanisms, Kolbe’s, Reimer-Tiemann, Acidic/Oxidation Properties |
Aldehydes, Ketones & Acids | Aldol, Cannizzaro, Cross Aldol, HVZ Reaction, Acidity |
Amines | Basic Strength, Hoffmann Degradation, Diazonium Salts |
Biomolecules | Properties of Glucose, Protein Denaturation, DNA/RNA, Types of Proteins |
CBSE 12th Chemistry Syllabus 2026 Chapter-Wise Marks Distribution
CBSE has allocated specific marks to each chapter of Class 12 Chemistry based on its importance. Chapters like Electrochemistry, Aldehydes & Ketones, and Biomolecules carry higher marks. This helps students prioritise their revision on important topics. Check out the table below for the chapter-wise marks for theory (out of 70 marks) of CBSE 12th Chemistry Syllabus 2026.
Chapter | No. of Periods | Marks |
Solutions | 10 | 7 |
Electrochemistry | 12 | 9 |
Chemical Kinetics | 10 | 7 |
d- and f-Block Elements | 12 | 7 |
Coordination Compounds | 12 | 7 |
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | 10 | 6 |
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers | 10 | 6 |
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids | 10 | 8 |
Amines | 10 | 6 |
Biomolecules | 12 | 7 |
Total | – | 70 Marks |
CBSE 12th Chemistry Syllabus 2026 Deleted Topics
CBSE has retained the deleted topics from the previous academic year. These chapters and topics are not a part of the CBSE 12 Chemistry Syllabus and should be avoided during exam preparation. Check out the table below for CBSE 12th Chemistry 2025-26 Deleted Topics.
Part | Deleted Chapters/Topics |
Organic Chemistry | The Solid State, Surface Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements, The p-Block Elements |
Inorganic Chemistry | Polymers, Chemistry in Everyday Life |
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 Mathematics
The Central Board of Secondary Education has released the CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus 2025-26 online in PDF Format. The Maths syllabus is divided into 6 units and 13 chapters, respectively. Calculus, Vectors, and Algebra are some of the most important chapters. Check out the table below for CBSE 12th Syllabus 2025-26 of Mathematics.
Units | Part | Topics |
Unit-I: Relations and Functions | Sets | Sets and their representations, Empty set, Finite and Infinite sets, Equal Sets, Subsets, Subsets of a set of real numbers especially intervals (with notations). Universal set. Venn diagrams. Union and Intersection of Sets. Difference of sets. Complement of a set. Properties of Complement. |
Relations & Functions | Ordered pairs. Cartesian product of sets. Number of elements in the Cartesian product of two finite sets. Cartesian product of the set of reals with itself (upto R x R x R).Definition of relation, pictorial diagrams, domain, co-domain and range of a relation. Function as a special type of relation. Pictorial representation of a function, domain, co-domain and range of a function. Real valued functions, domain and range of these functions, constant, identity, polynomial, rational, modulus, signum, exponential, logarithmic and greatest integer functions, with their graphs. Sum, difference, product and quotients of functions. | |
Trigonometric Functions | Positive and negative angles. Measuring angles in radians and in degrees and conversion from one measure to another. Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of unit circle. Truth of the identity sin2x + cos2x = 1, for all x. Signs of trigonometric functions. Domain and range of trigonometric functions and their graphs. Expressing sin (x±y) and cos (x±y) in terms of sinx, siny, cosx & cosy and their simple applications. | |
Unit-II: Algebra | Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations | Need for complex numbers, especially√−1, to be motivated by inability to solve some of the
quadratic equations. Algebraic properties of complex numbers. Argand plane. |
Linear Inequalities | Historical perspective, statement and proof of the binomial theorem for positive integral indices, Pascal's Triangle, simple applications. | |
Permutations and Combinations | Fundamental principle of counting. Factorial n. (n!) Permutations and combinations, derivation of Formulae for nPr and nCr and their connections, simple applications. | |
Binomial Theorem | Historical perspective, statement and proof of the binomial theorem for positive integral indices. Pascal’s triangle, simple applications. | |
Sequence and Series | Sequence and Series. Arithmetic Mean (A.M.) Geometric Progression (G.P.), general term of a G.P., sum of n terms of a G.P., infinite G.P. and its sum, geometric mean (G.M.), relation between A.M. and G.M. | |
Unit-III: Coordinate Geometry | Straight Lines | Brief recall of two dimensional geometry from earlier classes. Slope of a line and angle between two lines. Various forms of equations of a line: parallel to axis, point -slope form, slope-intercept form, two-point form, intercept form, Distance of a point from a line. |
Conic Sections | Sections of a cone: circles, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, a point, a straight line and a pair of intersecting lines as a degenerated case of a conic section. Standard equations and simple properties of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola. Standard equation of a circle. | |
Introduction to Three-dimensional Geometry | Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions. Coordinates of a point. Distance between two points. | |
Unit-IV: Calculus | Calculus | Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of distance function and geometrically. Intuitive idea of limit. Limits of polynomials and rational functions trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. Definition of derivative relate it to scope of tangent of the curve, derivative of sum, difference, product and quotient of functions. Derivatives of polynomial and trigonometric functions. |
Unit-V: Statistics and Probability | Statistics | Measures of Dispersion: Range, Mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of ungrouped/grouped data. |
Probability | Events; occurrence of events, ‘not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ events, exhaustive events, mutually exclusive events, Axiomatic (set theoretic) probability, connections with other theories of earlier classes. Probability of an event, probability of ‘not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ events. |
CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus 2026 Chapter-Wise Marks Distribution
The CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus 2025-26 focuses on conceptual understanding, application skills, and logical reasoning. The question paper will carry 80 marks, and internal assessment will carry 20 marks. The internal assessment includes Periodic Tests (10 marks) and Mathematics Activities (10 marks), making a total of 100 marks. The syllabus is divided into units and chapters with different weightage. Understanding chapter-wise marks distribution helps students focus on high-weightage topics during preparation. Check out the following table for CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus 2026 Chaoter-Wise Marks Distribution.
Units | Marks |
Relations and Functions | 08 |
Algebra | 10 |
Calculus | 35 |
Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry | 14 |
Linear Programming | 05 |
Probability | 08 |
Total | 80 |
CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus 2026 Deleted Topics
CBSE has continued with the same syllabus reduction in 2025-26 as in the previous academic year. Some complex and less frequently used topics have been removed from the syllabus. Students are advised to focus only on the revised topics. Check out the following table for CBSE 12th Maths Syllabus 2025-26 Deleted Topics.
Chapters | Deleted Topics |
Relations and Functions | Composite functions, Inverse of a function |
Inverse Trigonometric Functions | Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions |
Matrices | Concept of elementary row and column operations |
Determinants | Properties of determinants |
Continuity and Differentiability | Derivative of composite function, Rolle’s and Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorems (without proof), and their geometric interpretation |
Applications of Derivatives | Tangents and Normals, Use of derivatives in approximation |
Integrals | Definite integrals as a limit of a sum |
Applications of Integrals | Area between any one of the two curves |
Vectors | Scalar triple product of vectors |
Three Dimensional Geometry | Coplanar lines, Cartesian and vector equation of a plane, Angle between two lines, two planes, a line and a plane, Distance of a point from a plane |
Linear Programming | Types of linear programming problems, Mathematical formulation of L.P. problems |
Probability | Variance of random variable |
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 Biology
The CBSE has officially released the Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2025-26 on its official portal. Candidates can download the CBSE 12th Biology Syllabus PDF at cbseacademic.nic. The biology syllabus includes 5 units followed by 13 chapters, respectively. Genetics and Evolution & Reproduction are some of the important chapters carrying high-weightage. Check out the following table for CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 of Biology.
Unit | Chapter | Topics Covered |
VI. Reproduction | Chapter 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants | Flower structure, gametophyte development, pollination, outbreeding devices, pollen-pistil interaction, double fertilization, post-fertilization events, apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony, seed dispersal, fruit formation |
Chapter 3: Human Reproduction | Male and female reproductive systems, microscopic anatomy, gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, fertilization, blastocyst formation, implantation, pregnancy, parturition, lactation | |
Chapter 4: Reproductive Health | Reproductive health, STDs, birth control methods, MTP, infertility, IVF, ZIFT, GIFT | |
VII. Genetics and Evolution | Chapter 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation | Mendelian inheritance, incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles, polygenic inheritance, sex determination, linkage, crossing over, sex-linked inheritance, Mendelian and chromosomal disorders |
Chapter 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance | Genetic material, DNA/RNA structure, replication, central dogma, transcription, translation, gene expression, lac operon, Human Genome Project, DNA fingerprinting | |
Chapter 7: Evolution | Origin of life, evolution evidence, Darwin’s theory, variation, natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, Hardy-Weinberg principle, adaptive radiation, human evolution | |
VIII. Biology and Human Welfare | Chapter 8: Human Health and Diseases | Pathogens, human diseases and control, immunology basics, vaccines, cancer, AIDS, drug and alcohol abuse |
Chapter 10: Microbes in Human Welfare | Role of microbes in food, industry, sewage, energy, bio-control agents, bio-fertilizers, antibiotics | |
IX. Biotechnology and its Applications | Chapter 11: Biotechnology - Principles and Processes | Genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology |
Chapter 12: Biotechnology and its Applications | Biotechnology in health and agriculture, GMOs, BT crops, stem cells, gene therapy, biosafety, biopiracy | |
X. Ecology and Environment | Chapter 13: Organisms and Populations | Population interactions, growth patterns, age distribution |
Chapter 14: Ecosystem | Ecosystem structure, productivity, decomposition, energy flow, ecological pyramids | |
Chapter 15: Biodiversity and its Conservation | Biodiversity concept, loss, conservation, hotspots, endangered species, national parks, sanctuaries |
CBSE Class 12 Biology Practical Syllabus 2025-26
The Biology practical exam carries 30 marks. Students must perform experiments, complete spotting exercises, and demonstrate conceptual understanding. The practicals are designed to develop observation and experimental skills in students. Check out the following table for CBSE Class 12 Biology Oractical Syllabus.
Section | Details |
List of Experiments | - Pollen germination (temporary mount)
- Study population density and frequency (quadrat method)
- Mitosis in onion root tip
- DNA isolation from plant material |
Spotting/Observation | - Pollination adaptations
- Pollen germination on stigma
- Gamete development (testis and ovary)
- Meiosis slides
- T.S. of blastula
- Mendelian inheritance (seeds)
- Pedigree charts
- Controlled pollination
- Disease-causing organisms
- Symbolic associations (e.g., lichens, nodules)
- Homologous and analogous organs |
Additional Practicals | - Morphological adaptations in xerophytes
- Mendelian traits (e.g., tongue rolling)
- Controlled pollination demo
- Adaptations in desert and aquatic organisms (models/images) |
CBSE 12th Biology Syllabus 2026 Unit-Wise Weightage
Each unit of the syllabus carries a specific weight in the final theory paper of 70 marks. Students can plan their preparation by focusing on high-weightage units first. Check out the following table for CBSE 12th Biology Syllabus 2026 unit-wise weightage.
Unit No. | Unit Name | Marks |
VI | Reproduction | 16 |
VII | Genetics and Evolution | 20 |
VIII | Biology and Human Welfare | 12 |
IX | Biotechnology and its Applications | 12 |
X | Ecology and Environment | 10 |
Total | 70 |
CBSE 12th Biology Syllabus 2026 Deleted Topics
The CBSE has retained the deleted syllabus from 2023-24. These topics are not part of the exam for the 2025-26 academic session. Students should avoid preparing them for board exams. Check out the following table for deleted topics of CBSE 12th Biology Syllabus 2026.
Unit | Chapter | Deleted Topics |
Reproduction | Chapter 1 – Reproduction in Organisms | Whole chapter deleted |
Biology and Human Welfare | Chapter 9 – Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production | Whole chapter deleted |
Ecology and Environment | Chapter 13 – Organisms and Populations | Organism and its Environment, Abiotic factors, Adaptations |
Chapter 14 – Ecosystem | Ecological Succession, Nutrient Cycles |
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 FAQs
Has the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 been released?
Yes, the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 has been released. Students can check the latest CBSE syllabus 2025-26 on the official CBSE academic website.
Where can I download the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 PDF?
Students can download the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 PDF from cbseacademic.nic.in. Go to the Curriculum 2025-26 section to get the subject-wise PDFs.
What are the key changes in the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026?
The CBSE 12th Syllabus 2025-26 focuses more on competency-based questions and critical thinking. It also includes experiential learning and the use of technology like AI.
Will there be two board exams for CBSE Class 12 in 2026?
Yes, there will be two CBSE Class 12 board exams 2025-26 namely, a Main Exam and an Improvement Exam. Students can keep the best score out of the two.
Are there any deleted topics in the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026?
Yes, some topics are deleted in the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026. Students can check the official deleted syllabus for subject-wise details.
What new skill elective subjects are in the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26?
CBSE has added new skill elective subjects 2025-26 like Land Transportation Associate, Electronics and Hardware, Physical Activity Trainer, and Design Thinking. These are part of the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26.
Is the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26 harder than Class 11?
The CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026 is an extension of Class 11 topics. With regular practice, students can handle the difficulty level.
Is it necessary to solve CBSE 12th sample papers 2025-26?
Yes, solving CBSE 12th sample papers 2026 is very helpful. It improves your understanding of the exam pattern and boosts confidence.
How will assessment change in CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026?
The CBSE Class 12 assessment 2026 will focus more on critical thinking and practical skills. It moves away from memorization to real-world application.
Can calculators be used in CBSE Class 12 Accountancy 2025-26?
Yes, basic non-programmable calculators are allowed in CBSE Class 12 Accountancy exam 2026. This will help students in making correct and accurate calculations.
How would you rate your experience with this page up to now?