CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2027 covers six units: Relations and Functions, Algebra, Calculus, Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry, Linear Programming and Probability. The syllabus covers topics ranging from inverse trigonometric functions and matrices to continuity, differentiation, integration, differential equations, vectors, linear programming, and probability. 80 marks are allotted for the theory paper and 20 marks for internal assessment. The theory examination is conducted for 3 hours.

Calculus has the highest unit-wise allocation of 35 marks, followed by Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry with 14 marks and Algebra with 10 marks.
The question paper design allocates 55% weightage to Remembering and Understanding skills, 25% to Applying, and 20% to higher-order thinking skills including Analyzing, Evaluating, and Creating. Internal choices of 33% are provided across all sections, though there is no overall choice in the paper.
Internal assessment includes Periodic Tests – 10 marks and Mathematics Activities – 10 marks.

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Table of Contents

CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2027
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2027 Chapter-Wise
CBSE Class 12 Maths Question Paper 2027 Pattern
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2027 FAQs

CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2027

CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2027 is divided into six units carrying a combined 80 marks in the theory examination. Calculus alone accounts for 35 marks, making it the largest unit in the CBSE Class 12 Mathematics syllabus. The syllabus also assigns 14 marks to Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry, 10 marks to Algebra, and 8 marks each to Relations and Functions and Probability. Linear Programming carries 5 marks. However, these are unit-wise marks and not fixed chapter-wise marks.

Unit

Chapters

Marks

Unit I – Relations and Functions

Relations and Functions; Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Unit II – Algebra

Matrices; Determinants

Unit III – Calculus

Continuity and Differentiability; Applications of Derivatives; Integrals; Applications of Integrals; Differential Equations

Unit IV – Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

Vectors; Three-Dimensional Geometry

Unit V – Linear Programming

Linear Programming

Unit VI – Probability

Probability

Total

15 chapters/topics

CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2027 Chapter-Wise

CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2027 covers 15 chapters or topics across six units. Relations and Functions introduces types of relations and one-one and onto functions, while Inverse Trigonometric Functions focuses on their definitions, domains, ranges, principal value branches and graphs. Algebra covers matrices and determinants, while Calculus includes continuity, differentiation, integration, applications of integrals and differential equations. The following table gives the detailed topics prescribed by CBSE.

Unit

Chapter

Detailed Syllabus

Unit I – Relations and Functions

Relations and Functions

Types of relations including reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations; one-one and onto functions.

Unit I – Relations and Functions

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Definition, range, domain, principal value branch and graphs of inverse trigonometric functions.

Unit II – Algebra

Matrices

Concept and notation of matrices; order and equality; types of matrices; zero and identity matrices; transpose; symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices; addition and multiplication of matrices; scalar multiplication; properties of matrix operations; non-commutativity of multiplication; non-zero matrices whose product is zero; invertible matrices and uniqueness of inverse.

Unit II – Algebra

Determinants

Determinants up to 3 × 3 matrices; minors and cofactors; applications in finding area of a triangle; adjoint and inverse of a square matrix; consistency and inconsistency of systems of linear equations; number of solutions; solving systems in two or three variables using inverse of a matrix.

Unit III – Calculus

Continuity and Differentiability

Continuity and differentiability; chain rule; derivatives of composite functions; derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions; implicit differentiation; exponential and logarithmic functions; derivatives of exponential and logarithmic functions; logarithmic differentiation; parametric functions; second-order derivatives.

Unit III – Calculus

Applications of Derivatives

Rate of change of quantities; increasing and decreasing functions; maxima and minima; first derivative test with geometrical motivation; second derivative test; problems based on mathematical concepts and real-life situations.

Unit III – Calculus

Integrals

Integration as the inverse process of differentiation; integration by substitution, partial fractions and parts; standard forms of integrals; Fundamental Theorem of Calculus without proof; properties and evaluation of definite integrals.

Unit III – Calculus

Applications of Integrals

Applications of integration for finding areas under simple curves, particularly lines, circles, parabolas and ellipses in standard form.

Unit III – Calculus

Differential Equations

Definition, order and degree; general and particular solutions; differential equations by separation of variables; homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree; linear differential equations of specified first-order forms.

Unit IV – Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

Vectors

Scalars and vectors; magnitude and direction; direction cosines and ratios; equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors; position and negative vectors; components; vector addition and scalar multiplication; section formula; scalar/dot product and vector/cross product, including geometrical interpretation, properties and applications.

Unit IV – Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

Three-Dimensional Geometry

Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two points; Cartesian and vector equations of a line; skew lines; shortest distance between two lines; angle between two lines.

Unit V – Linear Programming

Linear Programming

Introduction and terminology including constraints, objective function and optimisation; graphical method for problems in two variables; feasible and infeasible regions; bounded and unbounded regions; feasible and infeasible solutions; optimal feasible solutions with up to three non-trivial constraints.

Unit VI – Probability

Probability

Conditional probability; multiplication theorem; independent events; total probability; Bayes' theorem.

CBSE Class 12 Maths Question Paper 2027 Pattern

CBSE Class 12 Maths Question Paper Pattern for 2027 allocates 80 marks to the three-hour theory examination. Remembering and Understanding account for 44 marks, Applying accounts for 20 marks, and Analyzing, Evaluating and Creating account for 16 marks. There will be no overall choice in the CBSE Class 12 Maths question paper. However, CBSE will provide 33% internal choices in all sections. Applying, analyzing, evaluating and creating together account for 45% of the prescribed theory-paper weightage. For internal assessment, 20 marks are divided between Periodic Tests and Mathematics Activities. The best two of three periodic tests are considered for the 10-mark periodic-test component.

Type of Questions

Total Marks

Weightage %

Remembering and Understanding

55%

Applying

25%

Analysing, Evaluating and Creating

20%

Total

100%

CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2027 FAQs

What are the chapters in CBSE Class 12 Maths 2027?

The CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus 2027 covers Relations and Functions, Inverse Trigonometric Functions, Matrices, Determinants, Continuity and Differentiability, Applications of Derivatives, Integrals, Applications of Integrals, Differential Equations, Vectors, Three-Dimensional Geometry, Linear Programming and Probability.

What is the weightage of Calculus in CBSE Class 12 Maths 2027?

Calculus carries 35 marks in the 80-mark CBSE Class 12 Mathematics theory paper, making it the highest-weighted unit in the prescribed syllabus.

Is there chapter-wise weightage in CBSE Class 12 Maths?

No. CBSE has not prescribed chapter-wise weightage for Class 12 Mathematics. It has allocated marks at the unit level and advises students to cover all chapters.

What is the passing marks for CBSE Class 12 Maths?

Students need to meet the CBSE's prescribed passing criteria for the subject. The Mathematics syllabus itself specifies an 80-mark theory component and 20-mark internal assessment; the syllabus document does not provide a separate Maths-specific passing-mark table.

Is CBSE Class 12 Maths exam difficult?

The difficulty of the examination can vary from student to student. The official question-paper design includes questions assessing remembering, understanding, application, analysis, evaluation and creation, so preparation should cover both direct and application-based mathematical problems.

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