CBSE Class 12 Political Science Syllabus 2027: Unit-wise Topics

Chapter No.

Chapter Name

Topics

Marks

1

The End of Bipolarity

• The Soviet System
• Gorbachev and the disintegration
• Causes and Consequences of the disintegration of the Soviet Union
• Shock Therapy and its Consequences
• New entities in world politics: Russia, Balkan States, Central Asian States
• India's relations with Russia and other post-communist countries

6

2

Contemporary Centres of Power

• European Union
• Association of Southeast Asian Nations
• Rise of China as an economic power
• Japan and South Korea as emerging powers

6

3

Contemporary South Asia

• Military and Democracy in Pakistan and Bangladesh
• Monarchy and Democracy in Nepal
• Ethnic Conflict and Democracy in Sri Lanka
• India-Pakistan Conflicts
• India and its Neighbours
• Peace and Cooperation

6

4

International Organizations

• Meaning and importance of International Organizations
• Evolution of the UN
• Structure and function of International Organizations
• Principal Organs of UN
• Reform of the UN after the Cold War
• Reform of Structures, Processes and Jurisdiction of the UN
• India and the UN Reforms
• Key Agencies: IMF, World Bank, WTO, ILO, IAEA.
• NGO: Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch
• Implications and Future of International Organizations

6

5

Security in the Contemporary World

• Meaning and Type of Security
• Traditional concept of Security
• Non-traditional notions of Security
• New Sources of Threats
• Cooperative Security
• India’s Security Strategy

6

6

Environment and Natural Resources

• Environmental Concerns
• Global Commons
• Common but differentiated responsibilities
• India’s Stand on Environment Issues
• Environmental Movements
• Resource Geopolitics
• Rights of Indigenous peoples

6

7

Globalization

• Concept of globalization
• Causes and Consequences of globalization
• India and globalization
• Resistance to globalization
• India and resistance to globalization

4

Total

Part A – Contemporary World Politics

40

Chapter No.

Chapter Name

Topics

Marks

1

Challenges of Nation-Building

1. Challenges for the new Nation

• Three Challenges.

2. Partition: Displacement and Rehabilitation

• Consequences of Partition.

3. Integration of Princely States

• The problem
• Government’s approach
• Hyderabad
• Manipur

4. Reorganization of States

6

2

Era of One-Party Dominance

1. Challenge of building democracy.

2. Congress dominance in the first three general elections

• Nature of Congress dominance
• Congress as a social and ideological coalition
• Tolerance and management of Factions

3. Emergence of opposition parties

4

3

Politics of Planned Development

1. Political contestation

• Ideas of Development
• Planning
• Planning Commission

2. The Early Initiatives

• The First Five Year Plan
• Rapid Industrialization

2

4

India’s External Relations

1. International Context

2. The Policy of Non-Alignment

• Nehru’s role
• Distance from two camps
• Afro Asian Unity

3. Peace and conflict with China

• The Chinese Invasion1962
• War and Peace with Pakistan
• Bangladesh War 1971

4. India’s Nuclear Policy.

6

5

Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System

1. Challenge of Political Succession

• From Nehru to Shastri
• From Shastri to Indira Gandhi

2. Fourth General Election1967

• Context of the Election
• Non Congressism
• Electoral Verdict
• Coalitions
• Defections

3. Split in the Congress

• Indira vs the Syndicate
• Presidential Election 1969

4. The 1971 Election and Restoration of Congress

• The outcome and after Restoration

4

6

The Crisis of Democratic Order

1. Background to Emergency

• Economic Context
• Gujarat and Bihar Movements
• Conflict with Judiciary

2. Declaration of Emergency

• Crisis and response
• Consequences

3. Lessons of the Emergency.

4. Politics after Emergency

• Lok Sabha Elections 1977
• Janata Government

5. Legacy

4

7

Regional Aspirations

1. Region and the Nation

• Indian Approach
• Areas of Tension
• Jammu and Kashmir
• Roots of the Problem
• External and Internal Disputes
• Politics since 1948
• Insurgency and After
• 2022 and Beyond

2. Punjab

• Political Context
• Cycle of Violence
• Road to Peace

3. The Northeast

• Demand for autonomy
• Secessionist Movements
• Movements against outsiders
• Assam and National Integration

6

8

Recent Developments in Indian Politics

1. Context of 1990s

2. Era of Coalition

• Alliance Politics

3. Political rise of the Backward Classes

• Mandal Implemented
• Political Fallouts

4. Communalism, Secularism and Democracy

• Ayodhya Dispute
• Demolition and after

5. Emergence of New Consensus

6. Lok Sabha Elections 2004

7. Growing Consensus

8

Total

Part B – Politics in India Since Independence

40

No.

Suggested Project Topic

1

NAM – 1961 to present times

2

Division of Germany with special focus on the construction and dismantling of the Berlin Wall

3

CIS – Central Asian Republics

4

Disintegration of USSR with special focus on Gorbachev

5

Arab Spring

6

India’s relationship with Russia, China, Pakistan or Bangladesh

7

ASEAN

8

European Union and India

9

BRICS

10

SAARC

11

India’s Nuclear Policy

12

United Nations with focus on India’s candidature in Security Council

13

UN Agencies – UNICEF, UNESCO and WHO

Project Component

Marks

Introduction/ Overview

2

Variety of Contents

3

Presentation

3

Conclusion

1

Bibliography

1

Viva-Voce

10

Total

20

Unit/ Part

Chapters Covered

Marks

Part A – Contemporary World Politics

The End of Bipolarity; Contemporary Centres of Power; Contemporary South Asia; International Organizations; Security in the Contemporary World; Environment and Natural Resources; Globalization

40

Part B – Politics in India Since Independence

Challenges of Nation-Building; Era of One-Party Dominance; Politics of Planned Development; India’s External Relations; Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System; The Crisis of Democratic Order; Regional Aspirations; Recent Developments in Indian Politics

40

Theory Total

Both Parts

80

Project/Practical

Project Work and Viva-Voce

20

Grand Total

Theory + Project/Practical

100

Competency

Marks

Percentage

Knowledge and Remembering

22

27.5%

Understanding

24

30%

Applying

22

27.5%

Analysis and Evaluation

12

15%

Total

80

100%

Section/ Question Type

Contemporary World Politics

Politics in India Since Independence

Total

Objective Type – 1 Mark

6

6

12

Short Answer Type I – 2 Marks

3

3

6

Short Answer Type II – 4 Marks

3

2

5

Passage/Map/Cartoon-Based – 4 Marks

1

2

3

Long Answer Type – 6 Marks

2

2

4

Total Marks

40

40

80