CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 covers two broad sections: Indian Society and Social Change and Development in India. The theory syllabus carries 80 marks, while Project Work carries 20 marks, making the total assessment 100 marks. The prescribed Class 12 course focuses on India's demographic structure, social institutions, social inequality and exclusion, cultural diversity, structural and cultural change, rural and industrial development, and social movements.

The CBSE Class 12 Sociology syllabus 2026-27 is designed to help students understand contemporary Indian society through sociological concepts and perspectives. It connects themes such as caste, tribe, family, demographic change, regionalism, communalism, secularism, industrialisation, globalization, labour and social movements with processes of social change and development. The syllabus also includes a year-long project intended to develop research, data collection, analysis and presentation skills.

Check CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027

Table of Contents

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 Unit-wise
CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 for Project Work
CBSE Class 12 Sociology Exam Pattern 2027
CBSE Class 12 Sociology Question Paper Design 2027

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 Unit-wise

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 is divided equally into two sections of 40 marks each: Indian Society and Social Change and Development in India. Within the first section, the evaluated units include demographic structure, social institutions, social inequality and exclusion, and cultural diversity. Introducing Indian Society and Suggestions for Project Work are listed as non-evaluative. The second section carries 40 marks and includes structural change, cultural change, rural society, industrial society and social movements.

Unit

Detailed syllabus

Unit 1: Introducing Indian Society

Colonialism, Nationalism, Class and Community. This unit is non-evaluative.

Unit 2: The Demographic Structure of Indian Society

Theories and concepts in demography; rural-urban linkages and divisions; population policy in India.

Unit 3: Social Institutions: Continuity and Change

Caste and the caste system; tribal communities; family and kinship.

Unit 5: Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion

Social inequality and social exclusion; systems justifying and perpetuating inequality, including caste, tribe and Other Backward Classes; Adivasi struggles; the struggle for women's equality and rights; struggles of the differently abled.

Unit 6: The Challenges of Cultural Diversity

Cultural communities and the nation state; regionalism in the Indian context; nation state and religion-related issues and identities; communalism, secularism and the nation state; state and civil society.

Unit 7: Suggestions for Project Work

Project-related unit; non-evaluative.

Unit 8: Structural Change

Understanding colonialism, industrialization and urbanization.

Unit 9: Cultural Change

Social reform movements; different kinds of social change, including Sanskritisation, Westernisation, modernization and secularization.

Unit 11: Change and Development in Rural Society

Agrarian structure: caste and class in rural India; land reforms, Green Revolution and emerging agrarian society; Green Revolution and its social consequences; transformation in rural society; circulation of labour; globalization, liberalization and rural society.

Unit 12: Change and Development in Industrial Society

From planned industrialization to liberalization; how people find jobs; work processes, including how work is carried out, working conditions, home-based work, strikes and unions.

Unit 15: Social Movements

Concept of social movements; theories and classification of social movements; environmental movements; class-based movements involving workers and peasants; caste-based movements including Dalit and Backward Class/Caste movements and trends in upper-caste responses; tribal movements; women's movements in independent India.

The official course structure assigns 40 marks to Indian Society and 40 marks to Social Change and Development in India. Within Indian Society, Units 2, 3, 5 and 6 carry 10 marks each. In the second section, Units 11, 12 and 15 carry 10 marks each, while Units 8 and 9 carry 5 marks each.

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 for Indian Society

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 for Indian Society examines the demographic, institutional, and cultural dimensions of Indian society. The evaluated portion carries 40 marks. Students study demographic concepts and population policy, caste and tribal communities, family and kinship, inequality and exclusion, and challenges arising from cultural diversity. The unit introducing Indian Society is marked non-evaluative in the official curriculum.

Unit

Marks

Major topics

Introducing Indian Society

Non-evaluative

Colonialism, Nationalism, Class and Community

The Demographic Structure of Indian Society

Demography; rural-urban linkages and divisions; population policy

Social Institutions: Continuity and Change

Caste and caste system; tribal communities; family and kinship

Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion

Inequality, exclusion, caste, tribe, OBCs, Adivasi struggles, women's equality and rights, differently abled

The Challenges of Cultural Diversity

Cultural communities, nation-state, regionalism, religion-related identities, communalism, secularism, state and civil society

Suggestions for Project Work

Non-evaluative

Project-related guidance

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 for Social Change and Development in India

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 for Social Change and Development in India carries 40 marks and focuses on the processes that have transformed Indian society. The syllabus begins with structural change through colonialism, industrialisation and urbanisation, followed by cultural change and social reform. It then examines rural transformation, industrial society and different forms of social movements.

Unit

Marks

Major topics

Structural Change

Colonialism, industrialization and urbanization

Cultural Change

Social reform movements; Sanskritisation; Westernisation; modernization; secularization

Change and Development in Rural Society

Agrarian structure; caste and class; land reforms; Green Revolution; agrarian society; rural transformation; circulation of labour; globalization and liberalization

Change and Development in Industrial Society

Planned industrialization to liberalization; finding jobs; work processes; working conditions; home-based work; strikes and unions

Social Movements

Concept, theories and classification; environmental, class-based, caste-based, tribal and women's movements

Also Check: CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Syllabus

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 for Project Work

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 for Project Work carries 20 marks and requires students to undertake one project throughout the academic session. The official guidelines describe a research-oriented process beginning with selection of a topic and continuing through data collection, analysis, interpretation, and conclusion. Students are also required to present their project in a viva before the internal and external examiners.

Project component

Marks

Details

Introduction

Introduction to the selected topic/title

Statement of Purpose

Need and purpose of the study

Research Question

Research question/hypothesis guiding the study

Methodology

Research methodology, including relevant tools such as questionnaires where applicable

Data Analysis

Organisation, analysis and interpretation of collected material/data

Conclusion

Findings and conclusion drawn from the research

Project Work

Assessment of the written/researched project

Viva

Viva based on the student's project work

Total

Project Work + Viva

The project guidelines further divide the academic work into stages. During April-July, students select the topic, conduct background reading, develop the synopsis and begin data collection. August-October focuses on planning, organisation and data collection. November-January is dedicated to content/data analysis, interpretation, conclusion, limitations, suggestions, bibliography, annexures and presentation. Final assessment and viva are conducted in January-February.

Check CBSE Class 12 Question Papers

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Exam Pattern 2027

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Exam Pattern 2027 includes an 80-mark theory paper conducted over 3 hours, along with 20 marks for project work, according to the Class XII course structure in the official curriculum. The theory paper is divided equally between Indian Society and Social Change and Development in India, with 40 marks assigned to each section.

Section

Unit

Marks

A. Indian Society

Unit 1: Introducing Indian Society

Non-evaluative

Unit 2: The Demographic Structure of Indian Society

Unit 3: Social Institutions: Continuity and Change

Unit 5: Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion

Unit 6: The Challenges of Cultural Diversity

Unit 7: Suggestions for Project Work

Non-evaluative

Total

B. Social Change and Development in India

Unit 8: Structural Change

Unit 9: Cultural Change

Unit 11: Change and Development in Rural Society

Unit 12: Change and Development in Industrial Society

Unit 15: Social Movements

Total

Theory

—

Project Work

Project + Viva

Grand Total

—

100

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Question Paper Design 2027

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Question Paper Design 2027 distributes the 80-mark theory paper across three competency categories. Knowledge and Understanding accounts for 37.5%, Application of Knowledge and Concepts accounts for 40%, and Formulate, Analyse, Evaluate & Create accounts for 22.5%. This means the question paper is designed to assess not only recall of sociological concepts but also their application, analysis and evaluation.

Competency

What it assesses

Marks

Weightage

Knowledge & Understanding

Recall of facts, terms, basic concepts and answers; organising, comparing, translating, interpreting and describing information; identifying main ideas.

37.5%

Application of Knowledge and Concepts

Applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules to new situations; examining information; identifying causes; making inferences; finding evidence; and making judgments based on criteria.

40%

Formulate, Analyse, Evaluate & Create

Combining information in new ways, creating new patterns and proposing alternative solutions.

22.5%

Total

—

100%

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 FAQs

What is the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027?

The CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 consists of Indian Society and Social Change and Development in India. The theory syllabus carries 80 marks and project work carries 20 marks.

What are the chapters in CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027?

The CBSE Class 12 Sociology Syllabus 2027 includes demographic structure, social institutions, social inequality and exclusion, cultural diversity, structural change, cultural change, rural and industrial development, and social movements.

What is the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Project Work 2027 marks?

The CBSE Class 12 Sociology Project Work 2027 carries 20 marks. The project is assessed for 15 marks and the viva based on the project carries 5 marks.

What is the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Exam Pattern 2027?

The CBSE Class 12 Sociology Exam Pattern 2027 includes an 80-mark theory examination of 3 hours and 20 marks for project work. Indian Society and Social Change and Development in India each carry 40 marks.

What is the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Question Paper Design 2027?

The CBSE Class 12 Sociology Question Paper Design 2027 allocates 37.5% to Knowledge and Understanding, 40% to Application of Knowledge and Concepts, and 22.5% to Formulate, Analyse, Evaluate & Create.

Exam Calendar

Explore exam calendars tailored to your interest

Board Exam Calendar

Question Papers

Browse previous year papers by subject

Accountancy (2015)Accountancy (2024)Accountancy (2026)